Abstract Located in Grand Rapids, Kent County, Michigan, the Butterworth #2 Landfill Site was owned operated by the city of Grand Rapids as an open dump from 1950-1967. The area that it encompasses is approximately 180 acres and borders the Grand River on it's south side. Before the landfill itself was operational the land it would eventually cover, as well as the surrounding areas, had been used for industrial purpose for at least one hundred years. This caused the land to be polluted with heavy...